![]() Young's modulus and yield strength).Ĭolumns can be classified according to their cross sectional shape. its slenderness ratio) and its material properties (i.e. Intermediate: In between the long and short columns, and its behaviour is dominated by the strength limit of the material.Ĭlassification will depend on the column's geometry (i.e.Mechanical failure would typically occur due to shearing. Short: The length of the column is less than the critical buckling length.non-permanently) when a force is applied. The behaviour of long columns is dominated by the modulus of elasticity, which measures a column's resistance to being deformed elastically (i.e. Mechanical failure would typically occur due to buckling. Long or slender: The length of the column is greater than the critical buckling length.If this ratio is not sufficient then buckling can occur. The slenderness ratio is the effective length of a column in relation to the least radius of gyration of its cross- section. Where, I = 2nd moment of area, A = cross-sectional area. This refers to the distribution of an object's components around an axis. ![]() ![]() The cross- sectional area and the section shape are incorporated into a geometric property of section, known as the radius of gyration. Steel columns have good compressive strength, but have a tendency to buckle or bend under extreme loading. See Elements of classical columns for more information.Ī colonnade is a row of columns spaced at regular intervals that can be used to support a horizontal entablature, an arcade or covered walkway, or as part of a porch or portico. In classical architecture, columns are often highly decorated, with standard designs including Ionic, Doric and Corinthian, and so on. For example, a column might transfer loads from a ceiling, floor or roof slab or from a beam, to a floor or foundations.Ĭolumns are typically constructed from materials such as stone, brick, block, concrete, timber, steel, and so on, which have good compressive strength. 8 Related articles on Designing BuildingsĪ column is a vertical structural member intended to transfer a compressive load.
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